Hypertext markup language (HTML) is the major markup language used to display Web pages on the Internet. In other words, Web pages are composed of HTML, which is used to display text, images or other resources through a Web browser. All HTML is plain text, meaning it is not compiled and may be read by humans. The file extension for an HTML file is .htm or .html.Source
All HTML documents must start with a document type declaration:
. The HTML document itself begins with <html> and ends with </html>. The visible part of the HTML document is between <body> and </body> Source
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>
My First Heading
</h1>
<p>
My first paragraph
</p>
</body>
</html>
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CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is the code you use to style your webpage. CSS Basics takes you through what you need to get started. We'll answer questions like: How do I make my text black or red? How do I make my content show up in such-and-such a place on the screen? How do I decorate my webpage with background images and colors?Source
Like HTML, CSS is not really a programming language. It is not a markup language either — it is a style sheet language. This means that it lets you apply styles selectively to elements in HTML documents. For example, to select all the paragraph elements on an HTML page and turn the text within them red, you'd write this CSS:Source
p {
color: red;}
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JavaScript is a programming language that allows you to implement complex things on web pages. Every time a web page does more than just sit there and display static information for you to look at — displaying timely content updates, or interactive maps, or animated 2D/3D graphics, or scrolling video jukeboxes, and so on — you can bet that JavaScript is probably involved.Source
JavaScript is arguably more difficult to learn than related technologies such as HTML and CSS. Before attempting to learn JavaScript, you are strongly advised to get familiar with at least these two technologies first, and perhaps others as well.
JavaScript is applied to your HTML page in a similar manner to CSS. Whereas CSS uses the link elements to apply external stylesheets and style elements to apply internal stylesheets to HTML, JavaScript only needs one friend in the world of HTML — the script element. Let's learn how this works.Source
<script>
// JavaScript goes here
</script>
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Node.js® is a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome’s V8 JavaScript engine. Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient.Source
“Hello, World!” the Node.js Way You can check that Node is installed on your system by opening a terminal and typing node -v. If all has gone well, you should see something like v8.9.4 displayed. This is the current LTS version at the time of writing. Next, create a new file hello.js and copy in the following code:Source
console.log("Hello, World!");
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React is a JavaScript library for building fast and interactive user interfaces. It was developed at Facebook in 2011 and currently, it’s the most popular JS library for building user interfaces.Source
At the heart of all React applications are components. A component is essentially a piece of the user interface. So, when building applications with React, we build a bunch of independent, isolated and reusable components and then compose them to build complex user interfaces. Every React app has at least one component, which we refer to as the root component. This component represents the entire application and contains other child components. So, every React application is essentially a tree of components. If you’ve worked with Angular 2 or higher, this should sound familiar!Source
class Tweet {
state = {};
render() {
// Here we return a React element
}
}
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